ABLEISM: The Social Construction of Disabilities
In recent years, the concept of ableism has been gaining traction in the cultural conversation, particularly in regards to how individuals with disabilities are treated and perceived in society. Ableism is the discrimination and exclusion of individuals with disabilities, whether physical, mental, or developmental, and can manifest in both subtle and overt ways. This paper will discuss the concept of ableism, how it is socially constructed, and its various forms.
Ableism is rooted in the idea that those with disabilities are lesser than those without, and it is this notion that allows for the marginalization of individuals with disabilities. This notion of ‘othering’ creates a divide between those with disabilities and those without, and often leads to the exclusion of those with disabilities. This exclusion can be seen in various aspects of society, such as education, healthcare, and employment. In education, for example, many university programs do not provide accommodations for students with disabilities, leading to a lack of opportunities for those with disabilities to pursue higher education. In healthcare, individuals with disabilities often endure long wait times and are frequently denied necessary medical treatments. In the employment sector, individuals with disabilities often face discrimination and are overlooked for job opportunities.
Ableism is further entrenched in society through the language we use to describe individuals with disabilities. Using derogatory or offensive language to describe those with disabilities is a form of ableism that perpetuates the notion of ‘othering’ and leads to further marginalization. It is also important to note that the use of ‘ableist’ language is often unintentional, and occurs due to a lack of awareness about the implications of using certain terms.
Ableism is also seen in the media, which often portrays those with disabilities as being in need of pity or charity, or as being heroic for simply living their daily lives. This type of language and representation reinforces the notion that individuals with disabilities are less than those without and further marginalizes them.
In conclusion, ableism is a form of discrimination and exclusion that is deeply rooted in our society, and it manifests in various ways. It is important to recognize and challenge ableism, as it leads to further marginalization of individuals with disabilities.
References
Albrecht, G. L., & Devlieger, P. (2016). The disability paradox: High quality of life against all odds. Social Science & Medicine, 126, 87-96.
Burgstahler, S. (2012). Universal design in higher education: From principles to practice (2nd ed.). Harvard, MA: Harvard Education Press.
Kendall, F. E., & Liddell, H. (2011). Language and ableism: The use of derogatory words to describe people with disabilities. Disability Studies Quarterly, 31(3), 1-18.
Schur, L. (2005). Disability civil rights law and policy (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Thompson Delmar Learning.