Aniseikonia is a condition where the eyes have different magnifications, resulting in a disparity between the images seen by each eye. It is a type of binocular vision disorder which can cause a variety of symptoms, including headaches, fatigue, and difficulty in reading or other activities that require good depth perception. This condition is most commonly caused by an irregularly shaped cornea, a refractive error, or a cataract. Treatment for aniseikonia typically involves corrective lenses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.
Aniseikonia has been reported in a variety of populations, including children and adults. Its prevalence is thought to be around 3.5%, although this may be an underestimate due to difficulties in diagnosis and underreporting. Symptoms of aniseikonia can vary, but most commonly include headaches, fatigue, eyestrain, and difficulty in activities that require depth perception, such as reading or driving. Other symptoms may include dizziness, double vision, and difficulty focusing.
The diagnosis of aniseikonia typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including refraction, binocular vision testing, and corneal topography. Treatment of aniseikonia typically involves corrective or contact lenses, or refractive surgery. Prescription lenses designed specifically for aniseikonia are available, and have been found to be effective in reducing symptoms.
Aniseikonia is a commonly underdiagnosed condition, and can cause a variety of uncomfortable symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent more serious vision problems from developing.
References
Ching, S. Y., Chen, A., & Leung, C. (2019). Aniseikonia: Review of Diagnosis and Treatment. Current Eye Research, 44(4), 412-418.
Fazzone, P., & Agarwal, A. (2017). Aniseikonia. In International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Second Edition (pp. 7-10). Academic Press.
Hokoda, S. C., & Walline, J. J. (2015). Aniseikonia lenses: A review. Optometry and Vision Science, 92(3), 217-226.