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Cognitive Bias: Why Your Brain Rejects the Truth


Scientifically Reviewed · Dr. Marwa Abd-Alazim · September 20, 2026
Medically & Scientifically Reviewed Verified: September 20, 2026
Dr. Marwa Abd-Alazim PhD in Psychology
Faculty Member • University of Kerbala
Review Criteria & Clinical Standards

This content undergoes rigorous scientific peer-review and medical editorial standards at Arab Psychology Network to ensure clinical accuracy, validity, and compliance with evidence-based guidelines from leading psychological and healthcare authorities (APA / WHO).

Cognitive Bias: Why Your Brain Rejects the Truth

False rejection is a phenomenon in which an automated system rejects a valid input or transaction. This type of rejection can occur in security systems, biometric systems, and other authentication systems. False rejection is a common issue that can have serious ramifications for organizations that rely on these systems. This article will discuss the causes of false rejection, its implications, and potential solutions.

False rejection can occur due to a variety of factors. In biometric systems, false rejection can be caused by factors such as insufficient data, poor sensor quality, or environmental factors such as light, moisture, and temperature (Wang, Fu, & Chen, 2007). In security systems, false rejection can be caused by inadequate authentication protocols, human error, or user fatigue (Hanchett & Sasse, 2009). In addition, false rejection can be caused by system design flaws, such as an overly restrictive threshold for rejection (Wang et al., 2007).

The implications of false rejection can be significant. False rejection can lead to losses in revenue, decreased customer satisfaction, and increased operational costs (Hanchett & Sasse, 2009). For organizations that rely on automated authentication systems, false rejection can also lead to security vulnerabilities, as valid inputs may be rejected while malicious inputs are allowed. In addition, false rejection can lead to privacy concerns, as users may feel their data is being mishandled or misused (Wang et al., 2007).

Fortunately, there are a number of strategies that organizations can employ to reduce the risk of false rejection. These strategies can include improving authentication protocols, increasing the amount of data used for authentication, and using more robust sensors (Hanchett & Sasse, 2009). Additionally, organizations can use adaptive authentication systems that can adjust their thresholds based on user behavior and environmental factors (Wang et al., 2007).

In conclusion, false rejection is a common issue that can have serious implications for organizations that rely on automated authentication systems. To reduce the risk of false rejection, organizations can employ a variety of strategies, such as improving authentication protocols, increasing the amount of data used for authentication, and using more robust sensors.

References

Hanchett, W., & Sasse, M. A. (2009). The implications of false rejections for authentication systems. Computer, 42(2), 16–21.

Wang, S., Fu, Y., & Chen, C. (2007). False reject rate minimization for biometric authentication systems. Pattern Recognition, 40(1), 151–162.

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About the Author: Mohammed looti

An academic and researcher specialized in educational psychology and a faculty member at the University of Kerbala. He holds a PhD in his field, and his research interests center on positive psychology, the development of psychological scales, and cognitive emotion regulation. Dr. Looti is distinguished by his contemporary research approach, focusing on the psychological effects of modern technology and artificial intelligence on mental health and identity formation among young people. His scholarly contributions also extend to studying the dynamics of family communication and its role in building self-efficacy and leadership skills, in addition to his research on mindfulness programs and psychological recovery — making him an active researcher enriching the field of educational and applied psychology.

Cite This Article

looti, M. (2026, September 20). Cognitive Bias: Why Your Brain Rejects the Truth. Encyclopedia of psychology. https://encyclopedia.arabpsychology.com/false-rejection/
looti, Mohammed. “Cognitive Bias: Why Your Brain Rejects the Truth.” Encyclopedia of psychology, 20 September 2026, https://encyclopedia.arabpsychology.com/false-rejection/.
looti, Mohammed. “Cognitive Bias: Why Your Brain Rejects the Truth.” Encyclopedia of psychology. September 20, 2026. https://encyclopedia.arabpsychology.com/false-rejection/.