Foreshortening is the visual effect of objects appearing shorter than they actually are when viewed from a particular angle. This phenomenon occurs in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional art, as well as in photography and everyday life. It is a crucial illusion in art that can create the illusion of depth and perspective.
Foreshortening is an important concept in drawing and painting. It occurs when an object is viewed from an angle, making it appear shorter than it would when viewed from the front. This technique can be used to create convincing illusions of depth by creating the illusion that an object is more distant than it actually is. For example, when painting a figure from a side view, the artist may foreshorten the figure so that the figure appears to be further away.
Foreshortening can also be used to create a sense of dynamism and movement in a painting. For example, when painting a figure running, the artist may create the illusion of movement by foreshortening the figure and exaggerating the motion. This can be seen in many Renaissance paintings, such as those of Michelangelo and Raphael.
In photography, foreshortening can be used to create a sense of depth and perspective. For example, when photographing a landscape, the photographer may use foreshortening to create the illusion that the foreground is closer than the background. This can be seen in many landscape photographs, as well as in portrait photography.
Foreshortening is a useful tool for creating illusions of depth and movement in art and photography. It can be used to create more dynamic and realistic compositions, as well as to create the illusion of distance between objects.
References
Blau, E. (2012). Foreshortening and Perspective: Drawing Basics. Retrieved from https://www.princeton.edu/~ezb/foreshortening.html
The Art Story. (2017). Foreshortening. Retrieved from https://www.theartstory.org/definition-foreshortening.htm
Fry, S. (2011). Foreshortening in Drawing: A Beginner’s Guide. Retrieved from https://www.artistsnetwork.com/art-mediums/drawing/foreshortening-in-drawing-a-beginners-guide/