Neurotic depression, also known as endogenous depression, is a type of mood disorder commonly diagnosed in adults. It is characterized by anhedonia, low energy, disturbances in sleep, and feelings of worthlessness and guilt. Neurotic depression is different from other forms of depression in that it is not related to any recent event or external stressor. Instead, it is thought to originate from an internal vulnerability or genetic predisposition.
The diagnosis of neurotic depression is based on the patient’s reported symptoms, which must meet the criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Additionally, clinicians may use interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests to help diagnose the disorder. Treatment typically includes a combination of psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, and medications, such as antidepressants and mood stabilizers.
Neurotic depression has been linked to changes in activity patterns in certain brain regions, including the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Research has suggested that neurotic depression is associated with increased activity in the amygdala, which is thought to be related to the heightened fear and anxiety associated with the disorder. Additionally, there is evidence that the prefrontal cortex may be less active in neurotic depression, which may be related to the decreased ability to regulate emotions and behavior.
The prevalence of neurotic depression in the general population is estimated to be around 0.5-2%. It is thought to be more common in women than in men and is often seen in individuals with a family history of the disorder.
Neurotic depression can have a negative impact on an individual’s quality of life and can interfere with work and relationships. It is important to seek help from a mental health professional as soon as possible if you are experiencing symptoms of the disorder. With proper treatment, it is possible to manage the symptoms and improve your overall functioning.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
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Gatt, J. M., Schofield, P. R., & Craig, J. M. (2016). Neuroimaging in major depressive disorder: A review of neurobiological mechanisms and clinical implications. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3(12), 1139–1151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30295-3
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