Rational Learning: Definition, History, and Further Reading
Rational learning is a type of learning that involves the use of logical thought processes and reasoning to acquire and apply knowledge. The history of rational learning dates back to ancient Greece, where the concept of a rational approach to learning was developed. In modern times, rational learning has been the focus of intensive research and is seen as a cornerstone of cognitive psychology and educational theory. This article provides a brief overview of rational learning, its history, and a few recommended reading materials.
Definition
Rational learning is an approach to learning that involves the use of logic and reason to acquire and apply knowledge. This type of learning is based on the idea that knowledge can be acquired through the application of deductive reasoning. Rational learning allows learners to use prior knowledge and experience to understand and solve problems. It is also often used to make decisions and form opinions.
History
Rational learning has roots in ancient Greece, where it was first developed by philosophers such as Socrates and Plato. They proposed that knowledge could be acquired through the application of rational thought processes. This idea was later adopted by the Roman philosopher Cicero, who argued that knowledge could only be acquired through the use of reason and logical thought.
Rational learning was further developed by the French philosopher René Descartes in the early 1600s. Descartes argued that, in order to acquire knowledge, one must be able to understand and interpret the world through the use of rational thought processes. He also proposed that knowledge gained through rational thought processes should be used to form opinions and make decisions.
In the 19th century, rational learning was further developed by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. Kant proposed that knowledge could be acquired through the application of logical principles and argued that knowledge should be evaluated based on its logical consistency.
In the 20th century, rational learning became the focus of intensive research in cognitive psychology and educational theory. This research led to the development of theories such as constructivism, which proposed that knowledge could be acquired through the use of logical thought processes.
Further Reading
Cicero, M. T. (45 B.C.). De Oratore. Harvard University Press.
Descartes, R. (1641). Discourse on Method. Oxford University Press.
Kant, I. (1781). Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge University Press.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical Investigations. Blackwell Publishing.
Gagné, R. M. (1973). The Conditions of Learning. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Basic Books.
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice Hall.