Reformism is a political ideology based on the belief that gradual social and political reform is the best way to create a just society. Reformism is often seen as an alternative to revolutionary or radical politics, which advocates for more immediate and drastic change. The reformist approach is often seen as a moderate, rational, and incremental solution to the problems of society.
Reformism began to gain prominence in the 19th century, as social and economic reformers sought to address the inequalities of the industrial revolution. Reformists sought to bring about social and economic justice through legislation, regulation, and other reforms that reduced the power of the wealthy and increased the rights of the working classes. This included the establishment of trade unions, the implementation of minimum wage laws, and the passage of laws governing labor and workplace safety.
In the 20th century, reformism was adopted by many political parties, including the British Labour Party, the German Social Democratic Party, and the United States Democratic Party. Reformist political parties often sought to create a social welfare state, in which the government provides citizens with access to health care, education, and other social services. Reformists also advocated for progressive taxation, regulation of financial markets, and the creation of social safety nets for those in need.
Reformism has been criticized by some, who argue that it does not go far enough in addressing the underlying problems of society. Critics argue that reformists are too focused on incremental change and do not provide a comprehensive solution to social and economic inequality. Moreover, critics suggest that reformism often serves the interests of the wealthy, as it does not challenge the existing power structures of society.
Despite its critics, reformism continues to be an important ideology in many countries, and it has helped to bring about meaningful social and economic change. Reformism has been successful in addressing many inequalities, but it is important to recognize that more radical forms of change are often necessary to create a more just society.
References
Aronowitz, S. (2014). Reformism and its discontents. New Labor Forum, 23(3), 6-13.
Pelling, C. (2003). The roots of modern reformism: Social democracy in Britain and Germany, 1850-1914. Social History, 28(3), 257-278.
Schattschneider, E. E. (1960). The semi-sovereign people: A realist’s view of democracy in America. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Skocpol, T. (1992). Protecting soldiers and mothers: The political origins of social policy in the United States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Streeck, W. (2009). Reforming capitalism: Institutional change in the German political economy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.