Religiosity is a complex phenomenon that has been studied extensively over the past decades. It is generally defined as the belief, practice, and commitment to a religion or religious system (McMahon & Meece, 2016). This study provides an overview of the current state of research on religiosity, including its effects on physical and mental health, relationships, and social behaviors.
The literature on religiosity is vast, with multiple definitions and conceptualizations of the construct. In general, it is considered to be a multidimensional construct that encompasses beliefs, behaviors, and subjective experiences related to the divine or sacred (Hill & Hood, 1999). It has been studied from a variety of perspectives, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, and theology.
Studies on religiosity have focused on its effects on physical and mental health, as well as its impact on social behaviors. Several studies have reported a positive association between religiosity and physical health, with religious individuals more likely to engage in health-promoting behaviors, such as exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet (Koenig & Larson, 2001). Additionally, research suggests that religiosity may be associated with enhanced psychological well-being (Koenig, McCullough, & Larson, 2001). For example, religiosity has been associated with decreased anxiety and depression, as well as increased life satisfaction (McMahon & Meece, 2016).
Studies have also explored the effects of religiosity on social relationships. Research suggests that religious individuals tend to have larger social networks, and that these networks provide greater social support (Rudolph & Zick, 2008). Additionally, religious individuals are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors, such as volunteering and donating to charity (Hill & Hood, 1999).
Overall, the literature suggests that religiosity is a complex phenomenon that can have both positive and negative effects on physical and mental health, as well as on social relationships. Further research is needed to better understand the full range of effects of religiosity on individuals, families, and communities.
References
Hill, P. C., & Hood, R. W. (1999). The psychology of religion: An empirical approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Koenig, H. G., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Religion and mental health: Evidence for an association. International Review of Psychiatry, 13(4), 67–78.
Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
McMahon, J. E., & Meece, J. L. (2016). Religion and spirituality. In J. E. Madden (Ed.), APA Handbook of Psychology, Religion, and Spirituality (Vol. 1, pp. 77–111). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Rudolph, K. D., & Zick, A. (2008). Social relationships and health: A flashpoint for health policy. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 7–21.