RENAL: Renal Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Renal dysfunction is one of the most common complications of CKD and can have a significant impact on quality of life and mortality. This review examines the current understanding of renal dysfunction in CKD, its associated pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies.
Renal dysfunction in CKD is characterized by a decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in urinary protein excretion. It is usually accompanied by electrolyte disturbances, hyperlipidemia, and anemia. The pathophysiology of renal dysfunction in CKD is complex and involves a number of different processes, including glomerular sclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and vascular endothelial damage. In addition, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia can all contribute to the progression of renal dysfunction in CKD.
Therapeutic strategies for managing renal dysfunction in CKD include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and dialysis. Lifestyle modifications, such as diet modification and physical activity, are important for preventing or slowing the progression of renal dysfunction. Pharmacological interventions, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, are also used to manage renal dysfunction in CKD. Dialysis is an important therapeutic option for patients with end-stage renal disease.
In conclusion, renal dysfunction is a common complication of CKD and can have a significant impact on quality of life and mortality. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of renal dysfunction in CKD is needed in order to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
References
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Kher, V., & Sakhuja, V. (2013). Pathophysiology of Renal Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 20(3), 244-253.
Rutkowski, B., & Brown, F. (2013). Therapeutic strategies for managing renal dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 40(2), 159-164.