Animal Magnetism: The Mesmerizing Roots of Modern Hypnosis
Introduction to Animal Magnetism Franz Anton Mesmer (1734–1815) stands as one of the most polarizing and consequential figures in the history of medicine and psychology. An Austrian physician and scientist, Mesmer catalyzed a profound intellectual movement rooted in the belief that an invisible, physical fluid permeated the universe and connected all living beings. This concept, […]