Phi Coefficient: Measuring Binary Data in Psychology
Introduction and Conceptual Definition The Phi coefficient ($phi$) serves as a fundamental measure of association within quantitative research, specifically designed for situations involving two variables that are strictly dichotomous. A dichotomous variable is defined as one that can only take on two possible values, typically representing the presence or absence of a characteristic, a success […]
PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION
Product-moment correlation is a statistical measure used to assess the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables (Kramer, 2021). It is also known as Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) and is typically denoted by the symbol r. The strength of the correlation is determined by how close the data points lie to the […]