Unipolar depression is a mental health disorder characterized by a persistent low mood and loss of interest in activities. It is also known as major depressive disorder or clinical depression. It affects how a person thinks, feels and behaves, and can lead to a variety of physical and emotional problems. It can cause a person to lose interest in activities and hobbies they once enjoyed, have difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much, and feel tired all the time. It can also lead to feelings of guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness, as well as suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
The exact cause of unipolar depression is not known, but it is believed to involve genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. It is more common in women than in men and usually begins in adulthood. It can be triggered by a stressful event, such as the death of a loved one, a divorce, or a job loss.
The most common treatment for unipolar depression is antidepressant medication. These medications work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that are related to mood regulation. Other treatments include psychotherapy, lifestyle changes, and support groups.
Unipolar depression is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. If left untreated, it can have serious consequences, such as suicide. It is important to seek help if you are feeling depressed or if you notice any changes in your mood or behavior. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to reduce the severity of symptoms and improve quality of life.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Khan, A., & Brown, W.A. (2016). Depression and anxiety. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Kessler, R.C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K.R., & Walters, E.E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(6), 593-602.
Mayo Clinic. (2017). Depression (major depressive disorder). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/basics/definition/con-20032977