WECHSLER MEMORY SCALE (WMS): Definition, History and Further Readings
The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is an intelligence test that assesses various aspects of memory and learning. It is used to measure short-term and long-term memory, working memory, executive functioning, and various cognitive skills. The WMS is used to diagnose cognitive and memory impairments, as well as to measure changes in memory and cognitive functioning over time.
History
The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) was developed by the psychologist David Wechsler in 1945. It is the fourth version of Wechsler’s intelligence tests, the first three being the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. The WMS was designed to assess various aspects of memory and learning that the previous tests did not measure. It is composed of 11 subtests, which measure different aspects of memory and cognitive functioning.
Subtests
The WMS is composed of 11 subtests. These are: Logical Memory, Visual Reproduction, Verbal Paired Associates, Visual Paired Associates, Spatial Addition, Digit Span, Letter-Number Sequencing, Arithmetic, Semantic and Figural Associations, and General Information.
Administration
The WMS is administered by a psychologist or other trained professional. The test can be administered individually or in groups, depending on the specific needs of the individual being tested. The test takes approximately two hours to complete.
Scoring
The WMS is scored on a scale of 0 to 30 for each subtest. A score of 15 or higher is generally considered to be within the average range. Scores below 15 indicate a lower level of performance, while scores above 15 indicate a higher level of functioning.
Conclusion
The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is an intelligence test that assesses various aspects of memory and learning. It is composed of 11 subtests and is administered by a psychologist or other trained professional. The WMS is used to diagnose cognitive and memory impairments, as well as to measure changes in memory and cognitive functioning over time.
Further Readings
Groninger, L. D., & Kaufman, A. S. (2001). Wechsler memory scale, third edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sbordone, R. J. (2005). Essentials of Wechsler memory scale-third edition assessment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.