Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) is a condition that affects individuals who ascend to high altitudes too quickly without allowing for proper acclimatization. It is caused by the reduced air pressure and the lower oxygen levels at higher altitudes. Symptoms of AMS include headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, and sleep disturbances (Mills, 2016).
At altitudes below 2,500 meters (8,202 feet), AMS is rare. However, at altitudes above 3,000 meters (9,843 feet), the risk of AMS is significantly increased. This condition is most commonly seen in those who ascend rapidly to higher altitudes and in those who are not acclimatized to the environment.
The most important way to prevent AMS is to ascend gradually. It is important to allow for at least one night of rest (preferably two nights) at each 1,000 meters (3,281 feet) of elevation gain, and to limit daily elevation gains to no more than 500 meters (1,640 feet) (Mills, 2016). It is also important to drink plenty of fluids and to watch for any changes in symptoms.
If symptoms of AMS develop, it is important to stop ascending and to rest until the symptoms improve. If symptoms do not improve, or if they worsen, medical attention should be sought. Medical treatment typically involves oxygen supplementation, medications to reduce headache and nausea, and/or a gradual descent (Mills, 2016).
In conclusion, Acute Mountain Sickness is a condition that affects individuals who ascend to high altitudes too quickly without allowing for proper acclimatization. The best way to prevent AMS is to ascend gradually and to allow for at least one night of rest at each 1,000 meters of elevation gain. If symptoms develop, rest and medical attention should be sought.
References
Mills, P. (2016). Acute mountain sickness. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/769902-overview