Atypical disorder is a form of mental health condition characterized by unusual social interactions, communication difficulties, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. It is often referred to as “atypical autism” or “pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified” (PDD-NOS). It is considered a “subthreshold” or “not-quite-autism” disorder, meaning that it has some, but not all, of the features of autism. The symptoms of atypical disorder are often milder than those of autism, but can still cause significant difficulties, particularly in social situations.
People with atypical disorder often have difficulty understanding social cues, such as facial expressions, body language, and verbal communication. They may also have difficulty interpreting emotions in others, making it hard to form and maintain relationships. They may be overly sensitive to certain textures, sounds, or smells, or have difficulty controlling their impulses. Other symptoms may include repetitive behaviors, such as hand-flapping or rocking, as well as difficulty transitioning between activities.
Although the exact cause of atypical disorder is not known, researchers believe that it is likely a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Studies have found that genetic variations may be associated with atypical disorder, and environmental factors, such as exposure to certain toxins or infections, may also be involved.
Diagnosis of atypical disorder is often made through an evaluation of the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and family history. The diagnosis is based on the presence of certain behavioral criteria, including impaired communication, social interactions, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. A team of healthcare professionals, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or neurologist, often works together to make a diagnosis.
Treatment of atypical disorder often includes a combination of behavioral therapy, medications, and other therapies, such as occupational therapy and speech therapy. Behavioral therapy helps to improve social skills and communication, while medications can help manage symptoms such as anxiety and impulsivity. Other therapies, such as occupational therapy, can help with activities of daily living, such as dressing, eating, and bathing.
Overall, atypical disorder is a complex mental health condition that can cause significant difficulties in socialization, communication, and daily functioning. With proper diagnosis and treatment, individuals with atypical disorder can lead full and meaningful lives.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Norman, O., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2018). Atypical autism: Clinical features and diagnosis. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 10(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9195-2
Rastogi, M., & Gupta, N. (2019). Atypical autism: A review. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(2), 142–148. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_233_18