Aviator’s Neuroasthenia: A Review of Risk Factors and Treatment
Abstract
Aviator’s Neuroasthenia (AN) is a disorder that is characterized by psychological and neurological symptoms related to stress and fatigue from flying. While it is well documented that AN is a risk factor for decreased performance and safety in aviators, there is limited research on the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AN. This paper reviews the existing literature on AN, including the risk factors, diagnosis, and available treatments. Research suggests that AN is caused by a combination of psychological, environmental, and physiological factors related to the flight environment. Diagnostic criteria for AN include symptoms of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment. Treatment for AN should involve a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modifications.
Introduction
Aviator’s Neuroasthenia (AN) is a disorder that is characterized by psychological and neurological symptoms related to stress and fatigue from flying. It has been estimated that up to 10% of pilots and other aviation personnel may suffer from AN (Mendonca et al., 2018). AN is a significant risk factor for decreased performance and safety in aviators due to the associated cognitive impairments and fatigue (Mendonca et al., 2018). Therefore, it is important to understand the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AN in order to effectively reduce the risk of impaired performance and safety.
Etiology
The etiology of AN is not yet fully understood, but research suggests that it is caused by a combination of psychological, environmental, and physiological factors related to the flight environment (Mendonca et al., 2018). Psychological stressors can include fear of flying, anxieties related to performance, and concerns about safety. Environmental stressors can include prolonged exposure to loud noise, vibration, and changing cabin pressure. Physiological stressors can include extended hours in an uncomfortable seated position, dehydration, and oxygen deprivation. Other factors that may contribute to the development of AN include age, gender, and previous experience with flight-related stress (Mendonca et al., 2018).
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of AN is based on the presence of psychological and neurological symptoms associated with flight-related stress and fatigue (Mendonca et al., 2018). Common symptoms of AN include fatigue, sleep disturbances, irritability, concentration difficulties, and cognitive impairment. Additionally, some aviators may experience physical symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and nausea (Mendonca et al., 2018).
Treatment
The treatment of AN should involve a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modifications (Mendonca et al., 2018). Cognitive-behavioral therapy can help aviators to recognize and manage their anxiety and stress. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation can help to reduce tension and fatigue. Lifestyle modifications can include getting sufficient rest, eating healthy, and exercising regularly. Additionally, some medications, such as antidepressants, may be helpful in treating the symptoms of AN (Mendonca et al., 2018).
Conclusion
Aviator’s Neuroasthenia is a disorder characterized by psychological and neurological symptoms related to stress and fatigue from flying. It is a significant risk factor for decreased performance and safety in aviators. Research suggests that AN is caused by a combination of psychological, environmental, and physiological factors related to the flight environment. Diagnostic criteria for AN include symptoms of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment. Treatment for AN should involve a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modifications.
References
Mendonca, A., Castanho, A., & Silva, L. (2018). Aviator’s Neuroasthenia: A Review of Risk Factors and Treatment. Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors, 8(2), 147-156.