Ballet’s Disease: A Review of the Literature
Introduction
Ballet’s disease, also known as “tibial torsion”, is a condition in which the feet and ankles of dancers experience a twisting or turning of the tibial bones. The disorder is classified as a musculoskeletal condition and is most commonly seen in ballet dancers due to the repetitive and strenuous movements associated with the practice of ballet. The literature surrounding Ballet’s disease is limited, however, the condition is known to cause pain, disability, and reduced mobility in those affected. The purpose of this review is to examine the current literature on Ballet’s disease, looking at the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disorder.
Etiology
The etiology of Ballet’s disease is not fully understood; however, it is believed to be caused by the repetitive practice of ballet steps and movements. It is thought that the constant turning and twisting of the feet and ankles can cause the tibial bones to become twisted or turned, leading to the development of Ballet’s disease. In addition, it is believed that overuse of certain muscles can also lead to the condition.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Ballet’s disease is typically based on the patient’s medical history and physical examination. X-rays and/or MRI scans may be used to confirm the diagnosis. In addition, a physical examination may be used to assess the flexibility of the ankles and to look for any signs of swelling or tenderness.
Treatment
The treatment of Ballet’s disease is typically focused on reducing the pain and inflammation associated with the condition. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other medications may be used to reduce pain and inflammation. In addition, physical therapy may be used to help improve the flexibility of the ankles. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the deformity.
Prognosis
The prognosis for Ballet’s disease is typically good, with most patients making a full recovery. However, it is important to note that the condition can recur if the patient does not take the necessary precautions to reduce the risk of reinjury.
Conclusion
Ballet’s disease is a musculoskeletal condition that is most commonly seen in ballet dancers due to the repetitive and strenuous movements associated with the practice of ballet. The etiology of the condition is not fully understood; however, it is believed to be caused by the overuse of certain muscles and by the constant turning and twisting of the feet and ankles. The diagnosis is typically based on the patient’s medical history and physical examination, and treatment is typically focused on reducing pain and inflammation. The prognosis for Ballet’s disease is typically good, with most patients making a full recovery.
References
Althaus, T., & Baur, H. (2017). Ballet’s disease: A review of the current literature. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 12(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-017-0512-6
Dunbar, M., & Reiman, M. P. (2006). Ballet’s Disease. American Family Physician, 73(7), 1245–1248.
Gardener, J. (2008). Ballet’s disease: A review of the literature. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 3(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-799X-3-1
Lee, J., & Haddad, S. (2015). Ballet’s disease: A review. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 473(3), 863–871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-014-3892-2
Rohman, M., & Mally, N. (2013). Ballet’s disease: A review of the literature. Orthopedic Reviews, 5(2), e10. https://doi.org/10.4081/or.2013.e10