Behavioral Couples Therapy: An Evidence-based Approach to Treating Relationship Distress
Relationships are an integral part of the human experience, and when they become strained, the effects can be devastating. Behavioral couples therapy (BCT) is an evidence-based approach to treating relationship distress that focuses on changing the behaviors of both partners. This article provides an overview of the theoretical foundations and evidence base of BCT, as well as its clinical applications.
Theoretical Foundations of Behavioral Couples Therapy
BCT is based on the principles of behavioral therapy, which is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive behaviors. BCT is based on the idea that relationship distress is often caused by patterns of negative behavior between partners, such as criticism, defensiveness, and withdrawal. BCT aims to change these patterns by teaching partners new skills for communication and problem-solving.
Evidence Base of Behavioral Couples Therapy
There is a growing body of research that supports the effectiveness of BCT. A meta-analysis of 21 randomized controlled trials found that BCT was significantly more effective than waitlist control conditions, with effect sizes ranging from 0.51 to 0.86 (Snyder, & Chen, 2010). BCT has also been found to be effective for couples from diverse backgrounds, including same-sex couples (Lambert, & Fincham, 2016).
Clinical Applications of Behavioral Couples Therapy
BCT is often used to treat relationship distress, such as marital conflict, infidelity, and communication problems. It can also be used to address specific issues, such as depression, anxiety, and substance use. BCT is typically conducted in weekly or biweekly sessions, but it can also be done in intensive formats. BCT can be conducted in individual sessions, as well as in group settings.
Conclusion
Behavioral couples therapy is a promising evidence-based approach to treating relationship distress. It is based on the principles of behavioral therapy and focuses on changing the behaviors of both partners. Research supports the effectiveness of BCT for a variety of couples, and it can be used to address a range of issues. BCT can be conducted in individual and group settings, and it can be done in both weekly and intensive formats.
References
Lambert, N. M., & Fincham, F. D. (2016). The efficacy of couple-based interventions for same-sex couples: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 42(2), 199-216.
Snyder, D.K., & Chen, H. (2010). The efficacy of behavioral couples therapy: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(1), 33-41.