Johnson v. Louisiana, 406 U.S. 356 (1972), is a United States Supreme Court case that held that the exclusion of African-American jurors from a criminal trial based on their race is unconstitutional. The case overturned the conviction of petitioner Willie Johnson, an African-American, who had been convicted of second-degree murder by an all-white jury in …
Introduction The jurisprudential teaching model is a pedagogical approach designed to bridge the gap between the theoretical and practical aspects of legal education. It emphasizes the need for students to apply their theoretical knowledge to real-world problems and to develop an understanding of the underlying principles of law. This model has been widely adopted in …
Joint Probability: Definition, History, and Further Reading Joint probability is a statistical concept that describes the probability of two or more events occurring simultaneously. It is a measure of the likelihood of the intersection of two or more events. It is also known as “joint probability distribution” or “joint probability density”. Joint probability is used …
Job Requirements: Definition, History, and Further Reading Abstract This article provides an overview of job requirements, including a definition, a brief history, and a selection of resources for further reading. Job requirements are a set of criteria that must be met in order for an individual to be considered for a job. These criteria typically …
Job Analysis: Definition, History, and Further Reading Job analysis is the systematic study of occupations or positions in order to determine the essential functions, tasks, and duties that make up the job. This process is used to identify the skills, knowledge, and abilities needed to successfully perform a job. Job analysis can be a valuable …
Janet’s Test: A Tool for Evaluating Cognitive Functioning Abstract Janet’s Test is a cognitive assessment developed by French psychologist Pierre Janet in the late 19th century. It is a useful tool for evaluating the cognitive functioning of individuals, as it provides a comprehensive measure of various mental abilities. This article discusses the history, components, and …
Job Redesign: Definition, History, and Characteristics Job redesign is a concept in organizational development and human resources management which seeks to improve job satisfaction, efficiency, and productivity by altering the way a job is organized. It typically entails changing the tasks associated with a job, the methods used to accomplish them, and/or the working conditions …
The James-Lange Theory is a psychological theory of emotion that postulates that emotions arise as a result of physiological reactions to external stimuli. This theory was first proposed by William James and Carl Lange in the late 19th century, and it has since been developed and modified by numerous psychologists. The theory posits that the …
