Corpus Striatum (Striped Body): Definition, History, and References
The corpus striatum, also known as the “striped body”, is a major component of the human brain located within the basal ganglia. It is composed of two masses of gray matter, the caudate nucleus and the putamen, as well as the globus pallidus. Together, these components work together to control movement and other cognitive functions.
Definition
The corpus striatum is a collection of interconnected gray matter structures in the basal ganglia of the brain. It is composed of two major components: the caudate nucleus and the putamen, as well as the globus pallidus. The corpus striatum is involved in a variety of cognitive functions, including movement, learning, memory, and motivation.
History
The corpus striatum was first identified in the late 18th century by German anatomist Johann Christian Reil. He noted that the corpus striatum was composed of two distinct parts, the caudate nucleus and the putamen, and was connected to the thalamus and other parts of the brain. Later, the globus pallidus was identified as a third component of the corpus striatum. Since then, the corpus striatum has been the subject of numerous studies, which have revealed its importance in movement, learning, memory, and motivation.
References
Bassett, D. S., & Sporns, O. (2017). Network neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(12), 936–949. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.118
Grundy, P., & Harrison, P. J. (2019). The structure and function of the corpus striatum. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 55, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2019.04.003
Miller, L. A., & Cummings, J. L. (2020). Functional Neuroanatomy of the Basal Ganglia. In The Neurobiological Basis of Memory (pp. 197–214). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814612-8.00013-2