Extroversion: Definition and Personality Traits
Extroversion is one of the five major personality traits, which are components of the Five Factor Model of personality. It is a commonly used psychological construct that is used to describe the way in which a person interacts and relates with others. An individual who is extroverted will typically be outgoing, talkative, and assertive in their interactions with others. Extroverts often enjoy large social gatherings and may be seen as the “life of the party.” On the other hand, those who are introverted may prefer more intimate gatherings and may be seen as shy or reserved.
The concept of extroversion was first popularized by psychologist Carl Jung in the early 1900s. Jung defined extroversion as an individual’s “outward-turning” of energy, as opposed to introversion, which he defined as an individual’s “inward-turning” of energy. In other words, extroverts are more likely to seek out and enjoy social contact, while introverts are more likely to withdraw and limit their social contact.
The concept of extroversion has since been studied by many researchers in various contexts, and there is now a large body of evidence which suggests that extroversion is a reliable and valid personality trait. Studies have consistently shown that extroverts tend to be more talkative, energetic, assertive, and sociable than those who are introverted. In addition, extroverts are often more interested in taking risks and trying new things than introverts, and they may also be more likely to seek out and enjoy activities such as parties and group gatherings.
However, it is important to note that there is a wide range of variation within each type of personality. Just because someone is considered to be an extrovert does not mean that they will always enjoy large social gatherings, or that they will always be the “life of the party.” Personality traits are complex and individualized, and the way in which an individual expresses their extroversion may vary depending on the situation.
In conclusion, extroversion is a reliable and valid personality trait which can be used to describe the way in which an individual interacts and relates with others. Extroverts are typically outgoing, talkative, and assertive, and they tend to enjoy large social gatherings and taking risks. However, it is important to note that there is a wide range of variation within each type of personality, and the way in which an individual expresses their extroversion may vary depending on the situation.
References
Furnham, A., & Petrides, K. V. (2016). The Five Factor Model of Personality. In S. D. Gosling & J. A. Johnson (Eds.), Advanced Personality (pp. 33-60). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2003). Personality in Adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory Perspective (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Jung, C. G. (1921). Psychological Types. In K. Hull (Trans.), R. F. C. Hull (Ed.), The Collected Works of C. G. Jung (Vol. 6). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.