JOB PERFORMANCE

Job Performance

Definition

Job performance is a measure of an employee’s ability to successfully perform their job duties in relation to the expectations of their organization. It can be broadly defined as the quality, quantity, and timeliness of a person’s work. Job performance is often used as a measure of an individual’s efficiency and productivity.

History

The concept of job performance has been studied since the early 1900s. Early research focused on the relationship between job performance and individual differences, such as intelligence and personality. Over time, the focus shifted to include other factors, such as motivation, skills, and abilities. In the 1970s, research began to emphasize the importance of organizational variables, such as job design and organizational climate, in predicting job performance. In the 1980s, research began to focus on the relationship between job performance and organizational rewards.

Characteristics

Job performance is often measured by the amount of work completed in a given period of time. It is also frequently measured by the quality of the work completed. Additionally, job performance can be measured by how well an employee follows rules and procedures, as well as how well they interact with other employees.

Job performance is affected by a variety of factors, both inside and outside of the organization. These include individual factors, such as motivation and personality, as well as organizational factors, such as job design, rewards, and organizational climate.

References

Borman, W. C. (2003). Job performance and organizational citizenship behaviors: The role of individual differences. Human Performance, 16(2), 99-109.

Motowidlo, S. J., & Van Scotter, J. R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 475-480.

Chan, D. (1998). Job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(1), 157-174.

Kinicki, A. J., & Kreitner, R. (2009). Organizational behavior: Key concepts, skills & best practices (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.