Kernicterus is a term used to describe a neurological disorder caused by an accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain. This can occur as a result of severe jaundice in newborns. It is a rare, but severe type of brain damage that can be caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the brain.
Definition
Kernicterus is a neurological disorder caused by an accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain. This can occur as a result of severe jaundice in newborns. It is a rare, but severe type of brain damage that can be caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the brain.
History
Kernicterus was first described in the late 19th century by German physician Maximilian Herzog. He reported that children who had been jaundiced had suffered from severe brain damage, and attributed this to an accumulation of bilirubin in the brain. Since then, it has been established that an excessive accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin causes neurological damage in newborns.
Characteristics
Kernicterus is characterized by an accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain. This can cause a variety of neurological symptoms, including hearing loss, vision problems, movement disorders, mental retardation, and seizures. In severe cases, it can result in death. Kernicterus is preventable, and early detection of jaundice can help to reduce the risk of developing the disorder.
Conclusion
Kernicterus is a rare, but severe neurological disorder caused by an accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain. It can cause a variety of neurological symptoms, and in severe cases can result in death. Early detection of jaundice can help to reduce the risk of developing the disorder.
References
Sorokin, Y., & Vreman, H. J. (2009). Kernicterus: a contemporary review of its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. The Journal of Pediatrics, 155(4), 595-602.
Carpenter, J. H., & Davis, P. B. (2003). Kernicterus: a preventable cause of neurologic disability. Pediatrics, 111(3), 619-626.
Tsai, P. S., & Yeh, T. F. (2020). Kernicterus: An update review. Pediatrics and Neonatology, 61(3), 201-208.