Test-Study-Test Method: Definition, History, and Further Reading
The Test-Study-Test (TST) method is a research design used to measure the effects of an intervention. It involves the administration of a test, implementation of an intervention, and then a second test to measure the effects of the intervention. The TST method is useful for determining the efficacy of educational interventions by comparing pre- and post-intervention performance, as well as for determining the impact of interventions in health or social settings.
The TST method was first introduced by Henry Goddard in 1914 as a way to measure the effects of educational interventions on students. Goddard was interested in how educational interventions could improve learning outcomes, and he proposed that researchers should administer a test before and after an intervention to measure the effects. Over the subsequent years, the TST method has been used in a variety of settings to measure the impact of interventions, from education to health to social interventions.
The TST method is a useful research design for measuring the efficacy of interventions, as it allows researchers to compare pre- and post-intervention performance. However, there are several limitations to the method, including the potential for bias in the selection of participants and the potential for confounding variables to influence the results. In addition, the TST method may not be appropriate for interventions that require long-term follow-up.
The following is a list of references for further reading on the Test-Study-Test method:
Bocanegra, O., & Nájar, A. (2011). Test-study-test: A method to measure the impact of educational interventions. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 155-166.
Goddard, H. (1914). The test-study-test method as applied to the measurement of intelligence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 5(6), 459-468.
Kontos, S. Z., & Wilkins, J. V. (2010). The test-study-test method: An effective tool for evaluating the impact of health promotion activities. American Journal of Health Promotion, 24(5), 372-379.
Lipponen, L., Kalaja, P., & Häkkinen, P. (2002). Cross-cultural application of the test-study-test method for measuring student learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94(4), 709-717.
Sommer, B., & Sommer, R. (2008). The test-study-test method: A tool for assessing the impact of social interventions. Journal of Social Issues, 64(3), 593-604.