Tetany is a medical condition characterized by sustained muscle spasms, especially in the hands and feet, caused by an imbalance of calcium and magnesium levels in the body. It is typically associated with low levels of calcium, but can also be caused by low levels of magnesium, or a combination of both. The condition can be extremely painful and can lead to long-term muscle and nerve damage if not promptly diagnosed and treated.
The exact cause of tetany is not yet known, but it is believed to be related to an imbalance in the body’s calcium and magnesium levels. Low levels of calcium can be caused by a number of things, including inadequate dietary intake, certain medical conditions, or medications. Low levels of magnesium can also be caused by inadequate dietary intake or certain medical conditions. Some medications, such as diuretics, can also cause an imbalance in the body’s calcium and magnesium levels.
The most common symptom of tetany is a sustained muscle spasm, often in the hands and feet. Other symptoms may include numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, difficulty swallowing, irritability, restlessness, and anxiety. If left untreated, the condition can cause long-term muscle and nerve damage.
Tetany is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and a series of medical tests. These tests can include a complete blood count, electrolyte tests, and calcium and magnesium levels. Treatment generally involves correcting the underlying cause of the imbalance, such as inadequate dietary intake or certain medical conditions. Treatment may also involve taking medications to correct the imbalance, such as calcium or magnesium supplements.
In conclusion, tetany is a medical condition characterized by sustained muscle spasms due to an imbalance in the body’s calcium and magnesium levels. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any of the symptoms of tetany, as the condition can lead to long-term muscle and nerve damage if left untreated.
References:
Kloner, R. A., & Lerman, A. (2013). Cardiovascular consequences of calcium channel blockers: Mechanisms and clinical implications. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 13(2), 111-125.
Lam, S. Y., & Pang, C. P. (2014). Clinical review: Hypomagnesemia. Critical Care, 18(2), 208.
Miller, K. F., & Bilezikian, J. P. (2015). Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia. In Endocrinology (pp. 481-499). Academic Press.