a way of guaranteeing that the translation of an evaluation tool into another language is sufficient, utilized mainly in cross-social research. A bilingual individual translates objects from the source language to the target language, and a different bilingual individual then separately translates the objects back into the source language. The researcher can then compare the original with the back- translated rendition to determine whether anything imperative was altered within the translation.
TRANSLATION AND BACK-TRANSLATION: “Translation and back-translation will be studied heavily this semester.”